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Why was India split into two countries? – Haimanti Roy

TED-Ed by TED-Ed
January 21, 2026
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Dig into the 1947 Partition of India, when Britain split the region into two states, India and Pakistan, and the mass migrations and violence that followed.

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In 1947, the British viceroy announced that after 200 years of British rule, India would gain independence and be partitioned into Hindu India and Muslim Pakistan. What followed was one of the largest and bloodiest forced migrations in history: an estimated 1 million people lost their lives. What caused this violent aftermath? Haimanti Roy details the lasting legacies of the Partition of India.

Lesson by Haimanti Roy, directed by Jagriti Khirwar & Raghav Arumugam.

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Tags: 1947 partitionanimationassamBangladeshbengalbritish colonial rulebritish colonizationbritish viceroycolonizationColonization of Indiaenglish east india companyGandhiHaimanti RoyHindusHistoryindiaindian independenceJagriti Khirwarjinnahkashmirkashmir referendumlouis mountbattenmass migrationMuslimsNehrupakistanpartitionpartition of indiaPunjabRaghav ArumugamrefugeesreligionSikhsTedTED EducationTED-EdTededviolence
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