Pat Cummins has been appointed as Australia’s 27th men’s one-day international captain.
Finch remains as captain of Australia’s Twenty20 side, while Cummins will lead the international team in next year’s 50-over World Cup in India.
The 29-year-old says he has “significant shoes to fill”.
Sydney-born Cummins said: “I have thoroughly enjoyed playing under Finchy and have learnt an enormous amount from his leadership.
“They are significant shoes to fill although we are extremely fortunate to have a one-day squad with a huge amount of experience.”
Cummins’ first game as ODI captain will come against England in a three-match series beginning on 17 November.